Samenvatting
De kern
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Overlevenden van kanker kunnen na jaren nog te maken krijgen met langetermijneffecten van de ziekte en de behandeling.
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Sommige van deze late effecten, zoals cardiotoxiciteit, metabool syndroom en osteoporose, zijn vaak nog wel te behandelen en soms zelfs te voorkomen, mits vroegtijdig opgespoord.
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Shared care (gedeelde zorg) biedt een model voor nazorg en follow-up, met gelijkwaardige inbreng van patiënt, huisarts en oncoloog.
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Om een bruikbare basis te bieden voor individuele nazorgplannen moeten de huidige richtlijnen meer aandacht gaan besteden aan late effecten. Meer onderzoek is nodig om de screening op late effecten, en de interventies, evidence-based te maken.
Inleiding
Belangrijke late effecten van behandeling
Late toxiciteit | Behandeling |
---|---|
Secundaire maligniteit: | |
| alkylerende middelen (cyclofosfamide,busulfan), topo-isomerase-II-remmers (etoposide), platinaderivaten, radiotherapie |
| radiotherapie, alkylerende middelen |
Cardiotoxiciteit: | |
| antracyclines, trastuzumab, radiotherapie |
| platinaderivaten, anti-androgene therapie, radiotherapie |
Metabool syndroom | anti-androgene therapie, platinaderivaten |
Neurotoxiciteit | platinaderivaten, taxanen, vinca-alkaloïden, methotrexaat, stikstofmosterdanalogen |
Ototoxiciteit | platinaderivaten |
Osteoporose | aromataseremmers, anti-androgene therapie |
Nefrotoxiciteit | cisplatine |
Fertiliteitsstoornisens | chirurgie (impotentie, retrograde ejaculatie), hormonale therapie (tamoxifen, aromataseremmers, anti-androgene therapie), chemotherapie (afhankelijk van dosis, schema en leeftijd) |
Endocriene stoornissen (hypogonadisme, hypothyreoïdie) | radiotherapie, anti-androgene therapie, chemotherapie |
Pulmonale toxiciteit | bleomycine, stamceltransplantatie, radiotherapie |
Vermoeidheid | chemotherapie, radiotherapie |
Lokale schade | radiotherapie (fibrose en strictuurvorming), chirurgie (lymfoedeem, colostoma) |
Cardiovasculaire en metabole toxiciteit
Hartfalen
Coronaire hartziekte en metabool syndroom
Osteoporose
Aandachtspunten voor de huisarts
Informatie via websites
Shared care bij testiscarcinoom
Conclusies
Literatuur
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